End connection for energy absorbers



Nov. 13, 1951 R. N. JANEwAY ETAL 2,574,788

END CONNECTION FOR ENERGY ABSORBERS E .L 2a MMM Nov. 13, 1951 R. N. JANEWAY ETAL 2,574,788

END CONNECTION FOR ENERGY ABSORBERS Filed March 22, 1948 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Nov. 13, 1951 R. N. JANEwAY Erm. 2,574,788

END CONNECTION FOR ENERGY ABSORBERS Filed March 22, 1948 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Il] v1 Patented Nov. 13, 1951 END CONNAEJTION FOB ENERGY SBBEB Robert N. Janeway and William van Der Bln,

Detroit, Minh., alaignors to Chrysler Corporation, Highland Park, Mich., a corporation of Dellwll'e Application March 22, 1948, Serial N0. 16,234

30 Clalml.

This application relates to a damping means or energy absorber. More specifically it relates to an arrangement by which the damping means is connected to members between which relative movement is to be damped.

It is desired to connect an energy absorber between a plank o! a railway truck and a bolster spring-supported on the plank. It is preferable that the absorber be capable oi damping all relative movement of the plank and the bolster in the direction in which the spring support acts and perhaps also in other directions.

We have designed the end connections of damping means so as to cause it to be capable or these actions. The damping means and its end connections are adapted for use between other parts than the bolster and plank of a railroad truck.

An object of the present invention is to provide improved connections for a damping means to spring-connected parts between which relative movement is to be damped. These parts may be the bolster and plank of a railway truck.

A further object of the invention is an improved end connection for a shock absorber that is inflexible in the sense of permitting no relative movement of the portions of the connection that would permit transmission of vibrations without involvement of the shock absorber.

Another object is to provide improvements in the connections of an energy absorber to parts between which damping is to take place such that the connections are so related to the absorber that relative vibration between the parts could not take place without displacement of the energy-absorbing elements of the absorber.

Still another object is to design an end connection for a damping means so that it is sulciently inilexible as to prevent transmission of vibrations without involvement of the damping means and yet it may move angularly with respect to the parts it connects.

Other objects will be apparent from the disclosure.

In the drawings:

Fig. l is a sectional view taken on the line I-l of Fig. 11 showing a shock absorber and its end connections according to the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken on the line 2-2 of Fig. l;

Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. l:

Fig. 41s a sectional view taken on the line l-I of Fig. l:

Fig. 5 is a plan view of a portion of a plank to which the shock absorber is connected;

Figs. 6. '1, and 8 are plan. front. and side views, respectively. of a part used in an end connection for the shock absorber;

Figs. 9 and l0 are plan and end views of a wedge ring used in the shock absorber;

Fig. il is a side view of a railroad truck. with parts broken away, on which the shock absorber and its end connections of the present invention are applied; and

Fig. 12 is a transverse view partially in section o! a railroad truck of Fig. il.

The reference character I6 designates a bolster supported at each end by a group of coil springs I I on a plank I2, as seen in Figs. ll and l2. The end of the bolster Ill is recessed as designated at Il. and to the recessed end are fastened by rivets Il, flanges I6 formed on legs I6 of a U-shaped bracket I1 having a base portion i8 above the end of the bolster I6.

The base IB o! the bracket il is shown at the top of Fig. l. The bracket base IB is provided with an opening i6 and a pair of U-shaped projections 26 on opposite sides of the opening I9 and spaced therefrom. Through the opening I9 extends a rod or stem 2| having a reduced threaded end 2 I. The rod 2| extends through an opening in a member 22. This member 22 is bonded to the end of a cylinder or barrel 25, as indicated at 2l, to close one end thereof.

The end member 22 has a recess 26. receiving an annular rocker block or plate 26, which iits loosely on the stem 2|. The rocker 26*il has an upper rocking surface 26'J in engagement with the lower side of the bracket base i8 at the open@ ing I9. The upper rocker surface 26b has a. jour-`i nal portion 26 as viewed in Fig. l, which curved outwardly about an axis perpendicular te the plane of the drawing. The other portions 2i=I of the upper rocker surface 26b are formed as planes slightly angled to one another and to the lower side of the bracket base i8. Figs. 7 and 6 show the general outer shape of the rocker to be ring-like or circular in plan elevation except at the upper side 26h where there are rectangular extensions 26e of U-shaped outline extending beyond the outer circular outline and also within it so that recesses 26t are formed in the upper surface 26`. Fig. 2 shows that the extensions 26s are received by the U`shaped projections 2U on the bracket base Il, so that any appreciable angular or rotary movement oi the rocker 26EL about the axis of the rod 2i is prevented. The rocker 26n has a lower rocking surface 261 in engagement with the bottom of the recess 26 in the member 5 22. The lower rocker surface 261, as indicated in Fig. "I, has a Journal portion 26h curved outchres 3 wardly aboutanaxisperpendiculsrto otthedrawinginlimlandintheplansofthe drawinginPlg.l. Thelowerrocksrsuriaoell hasotherportionswhicharei Ilioruppersuriacc2lb.asmaybeseeninrig.6. inwhichbothaxesaredcsknated. Theoppoled suriaceportionslandlhoitherockerblock It* constitute thorocking surfaces about which thccylinder il and its associated elements pivot. Ontheoutersideotthebracketbasellisaresil|entring2l.iormodo!asuitahlematerlalsuch asrubbensurroundingtbestemli. 'lheresilient ringlliscompremedagainstthebraekethase llbyarigidwasherllheldinplacebyanutll maglngihethreadedendlioistemil. A cotterpintl holdsthcnut against undesired angularmovementonthestemll. Thewasherlt hasaconicalsurtacellinengagementwithresilient ring I1, whereby the compression o! the ringismaintainedrelativelyhlahattheinner periphcryoitheresilientringandlowatits outerperiphcryandthustoohlghastressinthe outer periphery is avoided. which stress would othcrwisebesctupwhcntherodliistiltedout oiaperpendicularpositionwithrespecttothe bracket base i8. Compression o! the resilient ringldurlngasemhlyislimitedorpredetermlnedby engagementorareduced portion llon theinnerperipheryoithewasherllwitha shoulderiibformedbetweenthereducedthreadedendliandthebalanceoitherodll.

Positioncdwithinthecylinderllarethree segmental shoes il i'ormed preferably of metal. eachbeingprovided with cylindrical outer surlaces having suitable friction iacings 3l in engagementwiththeinteriorsuriaceoi thecylinder Il. These iacims may be non-metallic. Each shoenhasawedgeportionllhavingopposed nat inclined wedglng surfaces 3l and It. The suriacilareengsged bythreeatsuriaces 31 tormedonawedgeringtlwhichtsillustrated indetailinl'igaandlo. Flatsuriaces I1 o! anotherringtlaisoengagethesuri'acesll. Each ringlhasaiiatend. Theilatendoione rlngisengagedbyaiiangedendltormedona rodllextendinginthecylinderllireelythrough thesegmentalshoesll. Theatendoftbe otherrlngilisengagedbyawasherllswhich isinturnengagedbyoneendoiacoilspringli mountedontheroddl. Theotherendofthecoil springllisengasedbyaretainingringheld againstashoulder ll onrodll by sleeve Il havinganinternalthreadatoneendinengagement withathreadedportionll atthelowerendoi therodll.

Alowerrockerringnliketheupperrocker' with an outwardly curved Jourrocking engagement with the end portion Il formed on The axis of the curved Journal portion 28 is perpendicular to the plane o! the drawing in Pig. 1. U-shaped projections l1 on thc plank end portion l! receive rectangular extensions Il* on the lower rocker il* in the manner illustrated i'o'r the upper rocker and the U- shaped projections Il on the bracket base is so that any appreciable angular or rotary movement o! the lower rocker about the rod Il as an axis is prevented. The rectangular extensions 25 and recesses Il! on lower rocker 20* are seen in Fig. 4.

The sleeve Il and the reduced end of the rod Il extend through an opening l2* in the plank portion Il, the sleeve being spaced from the sides oi the openirm. A resilient ring il. which may be formed oi' rubber or other suitable material is positioned on the sleeve Il in engagement with the lower side ot the plank portion 52. The resilient ring I3 is held compressed against the plank portion l! by a rigid washer 54 retained on the end ot rod Il by a nut 55 engaging the threaded portion Il o! the rod lo beyond the sleeve Il. A cotter pin 55* holds the nut 65 against rotational movement. I'he rigid washer Il has a conical surface Il in engagement with the resilient ring Il so that the compression thereof is relatively high at the inner periphery and relatively low at the outer periphery, whereby the ring Il will not be too highly stressed at its outer periphery when the rod Il is tilted angularly from its perpendicular position with respect to the plank portion l2. The washer M has an internal shoulder Il at its inner periphery in engagement with the end oi the sleeve u, and thus the position of the washer M is ilxed so that the precompression of the resilient ring Il during assembly is xed or predetermined. As previously mentioned the U-shaped projections 51 on plank portion l! engage the rectangular extensions 26 on the lower rocker 26* to prevent the latter from having angular or rotary movement about the rod I0 as an axis.

'I'he barrel 25 and the shoes I2 and associated parts constitute an energy absorber acting between the bolster Il and the plank I2. In Fig. 1 the energy absorber is as collapsed or shortened in length as it can be, for the shoes I2 extend to the upper end of the barrel 2l, and the enlarged end 39 on the rod lo abuts the rod 2i. This condition would normally occur only during assembly o! the absorber unit. Figs. 11 and 12 show a relative position of bolster I0 and plank I2 indicating light loading, and the degree to which the coil spring 4| extends beyond the lower end of the barrel 2l indicates that the energy absorber is relatively extended in length.

As previously stated, upper and lower rockers Il* each have curved rocking journal portions 28 and Il having axes transverse to one another. Because of the transverse relation of the axes oi the rocking Journal portions 2B and 28h the rockers in eflect provide universal rocking freedom in the connections ot the energy absorber to the bolster bracket IB and the plank portion 52. This condition is not dependent on the i'act that the axes of the rocking Journal portions oi' the upper rocker are respectively parallel to those of the lower rocker. While these upper and lower pivotal blocks 2B* are shown to be non-rotatably mounted by the U-shaped projections 2o and 51, respectively, on bolster braclsetV I1 and plank portion I2 engaging the rectangular extensions 26 en the rockers, still the universal rocking or pivoting freedom of the energy absorber would be present even if the rockers 26 were permitted 15 to rotate about the energy absorber as an axis.

anveres The rockers 23* in this particular construction are prevented from rotating, because during operation of the' railway truck the relative horisontal movement between bolster i3 and plank I2 longitudinally oi bolster and plank (transversely oi the truck) is appreciable and definitely greater than relative horizontal movement between bolster and plank transversely of bolster and plank (longitudinally oi the truck). Thus.

in Fig. l, the aforesaid greater relative movement means shifting of the bolster bracket I3 to left or right in the plane of the drawing with respect to the plank portion 52. Such relative shifting in the plane of the drawing involves pivoting about the axes of the surface portions 23 of the upper and lower rockers 23, since these axes are transverse to the plane oi' the drawing. Since these axes are also individually nearer the resillent rings 21 and 3l than are the axes of rocking surface portions 23h, the pinching of the resilient rings 21 and 33 for a given amount o! relative movement of bolster and plank in the plane of the drawing is less than it would be if the pivoting took place about the axes of surface portions 23h. The U-shaped projections 23 and 31 on bolster bracket I3 and plank portion 32. respectively, and the rocker extensions 25 prevent rotation oi the rockers 23'l thereby maintaining the axes of surface portions 23 of the rockers transverse to the plane of the drawing, as shown in Fig. l, so as to provide for increased pivotal movement of the rockers 23* about an axis extending longitudinally of the truck over that about an axis extending transversely of the railway truck. It isv obvious that the several axes o1' the rocker blocks may be arranged in any specific manner to accomplish any desired pivotal movement.

The coil spring 4l on the rod III acts through the inclined surfaces 35. 33. and 31 on the wedge portions of the shoes 32 and the rings 33 to urge the shoes 32 outwardly against the interior oi the barrel or cylinder 25. Because of irictional engagement of the facings 33 on the shoes 32 with the interior of the cylinder, movement of the cyl` inder 25 in a longitudinal direction with respect to the shoes 32 is resisted by a force proportional to the force with which the spring 4I urges the shoes 32 outwardly against the cylinder 25. The coefficient of friction of the shoe facings 33 is such that the frictional resistance to movement of the barrel 25 relative to the facings 33 is always less than the resistance to movement of the spring supported wedges 33. The resistance to downward movement of the wedges 33 results from the upward thrust of the compressed spring II on the wedges 33. Thus wedges 33, 34 and the spring 4I do not move vertically during vertical movement between the spaced members I1 and I2 for the barrel 25 moves relative to the shoes 32. As a result of this arrangement there is a substantially constant frictional damping or snubbing force acting between shoes 32 and barrel 25 regardless of the relative displacement of the members I1 and I2. Each of the resilient rings 21 and 53 is precompressed by the washers 23 and 54 and the nuts 29 and 55 by a force greater than that required to effect longitudinal movement oi the shoes 32 with respect to the cylinder-25. Thus for forces applied tending to move the bolster I3 and its bracket I1 away from the plank I2 there will be no deformation of the resilient rings 21 and 53, because the force required for movement oi the cylinder 25 with respect to the segmental shoes 22 is less than the force of precompression of the rings 21 and 53, and thus there will be relative Aso movement between the shoes 22 and the cylinder 2l before iurther compression of rings 21 and 33 can take place. If forces are applied to move the bracket I1 and the bolster i3 toward the plank I2, there can be no relative movement of the end conneetions of the shock absorber with respect to the bolster bracket I1 and the plank i2, because the rockers 23* rest solidly against the bolster bracket I1 and plank portion 32. respectively. Relative movement between the bolster bracket I1 and the plank portion 32 in directions transverse o! the rod 43. i. e.. lengthwise of bolster and plank and transversely thereof, may take place by virtue oi the curved journal portions 23C and 23h, transverse to one another, on the rockers 23'.

It is to be noted that, i! the ends of the absorber were respectively connected by conventional means to the plank and bolster, i. e., resilient means such as springs or rubber to resist movement in both directions. vibrations would be transmitted by such resilient means without displacement of the energy-absorbing elements of the absorber.

The energy absorbers in this construction operate to damp all relative movement between plank and bolster primarily in the vertical direction in which the coil springs II provide resilient support oi the bolster on the plank, because the absorbers extend generally in the vertical direction of the springs. However, the absorbers will also be etfective to damp relative movement between bolster and plank both transversely of the truck and longitudinally thereof involving a change 1n the spacing between the end connections of each absorber to plank and bolster. Itis to be noted that since each energy absorber is somewhat inclined to the vertical, it is more eiective to damp relative movement between plank and bolster transversely than it would be ii it extended truly vertically.

v'I'he plank I 2 has a transverse groove I2 on its lower side, as shown in Fig. l2, receiving a base 53 of a swing hanger 53 having legs 33. The swing hangers are pivotally mounted on pivot pins 3| having wedge-shaped end portions 32 fitting in correspondingly shaped bases of openings formed in portions 33 forming parts of columns 3l connecting upper compression part 35 and lower tension part 33 of a side frame 51. The lower tension part 35 is U-shaped (see Fig. l2) and partially houses the swing-hanger base 53. The central portion of each pivot pin has an upper curved surface 33 upon which rests a correspondingly curved surface in an opening 53 in the end of each swing hanger leg 33. The side frame 61 has a bearing portion 13 on each end receiving a journal box 1I mounting one end of an axle, not shown, upon which is mounted a wheel 12. As previously stated, a groove in the bottom of the plank I2 engages the swing hanger base 53. The plank I2 has lateral extensions 14 at the groove I2a in the bottom thereof engaging the swing hanger base 53, which extensions are also grooved to engage the swing hanger base. The bearing portions 13 of the side member 31 engage the journal boxes 1I at their tops at a level indicated by 13, which is seen to be above the pivot axis of the swing hanger 53 on the pivot pins GI. Thus the forces transmitted to the side member 31 by the swing hanger 53 will not tend to tilt the side member in such a way as to make it unstable.

Unsquaring of the side members 31 is controlled or resisted by the plank I2, the swing hangers 59. and the mounting pins 3|.

Fig. 11 shows only one end of the bolster I3 and the plank I2 and one swing hanger and one side atraves frame l1. but it will be understood that there is another side frame carrying a swing hanger that supports the other end of the plank, which in turn supports the other end of the bolster through a set of springs similar to the four coil springs il shown in Fig. ll. Likewise a second shock absorber or snubber Il connects the unshown ends of the bolster and plank in the manner illustrated in Fig. 1 l.

In actual operation of the railroad truck illustrated. the bolster il may move up or down, i. e.. toward and away from the plank il. Since the shock absorber is somewhat inclined, relative vertical movement between the bolster ill and the plank i! involves some change in angle of the shock absorber with respect to the planks it and i2. and this is permitted by the rolling connections ofthe shock absorber ends with the bolster III and plank i2 through the rockers Il* at the upper and lower ends of the shock absorber. The swing hangers Il may pivot about the pin ti as axes. causing the swing hanger bases It and the plank Iz to move transversely of the truck. Thus there may be some movement of the plank with respect to the bolster transversely of the truck or, viewed in another way. longitudinally of the plank and the bolster. This relative movement is permitted by the rockers I. at the ends of the shock absorber.

Coil springs Il offer some resistance to this relative longitudinal movement between plank and bolster. but such movement may take place to the extent permitted by projection 'Il depending from bolster III and an upstanding flanged projection 'Il on plank i2. As shown in Fig. l2, projection 12 extends into projection 1I and there is a slight space between portions of the projections that will contact after a small amount of movement of the plank I2 to the right with respect to the bolster lil. After such contact, further movement to the right of the plank i2 will produce movement to the right of the bolster I0. Likewise the projections 12 and ll permit a small amount of movement of the bolster It to the left with respect to the plank I2 and thereafter conjoint movement to the left of the bolster and the plank. It is to be understood that there are corresponding projections 1I and 1I on the right end of bolster and plank which portions are not shown. These projections will permit movement to the left of the plank i2 with respect to the bolster i Il in a similar amount and thereafter conjoint movement to the left of bolster and plank. Likewise they will permit movement to the right of the bolster i0 with respect to the plank Il and thereafter conjoint movement to the right.

We claim:

l. In combination. a pair of members, spring means acting between the members to provide support of one member on the other member, an energy absorber comprising a cylinder, a plurality of segmental shoes movably mounted within and engaging the inside of the cylinder and having two sets of inclined surfaces. a rod in the cylinder having a nrst shoulder generally near one end thereof. a second shoulder on the rod generally near the other end'thereof and facing in the same direction as the first shoulder. a first ring positioned on the rod in engagement with the rst shoulder and with one set of inclined surfaces on the segmental shoes. a second ring positioned on the rod in engagement with the other set of inclined surfaces on the tal shoes.

in engagement with the second ring. and a retaining ring positioned on the rod in engagement with theotherendofthecoilspring and with the second shoulder. a sleeve connected to the said other endoftherodsoastoholdtheretainingring against the second shoulder, means connecting thesaidotherendoftherodtoone of thespring supported members. said means comprising an opening in the said one member receiving the said other endof the rod and the sleeve. a first rigid rocker block positioned on the sleeve and having at one side a first curved journal portion in engagement with the retaining ring and at the opposite side a second curved journal portion in engagement with the inner side of said one member at the opening therein these curved journal portions having axes transverse to one another. a resilient annulus positioned on the said other end of the rod in engagement with the outer side of the said one member. and means cooperating with the said other end of the rod to compress the resilient annulus with a force greater than that required to shift the segmental shoes along the cylinder, the last mentioned means being in engagement with an end of the sleeve to predetermine the compression of the resilient annulus. and means connecting the cylinder to the other spring supported member. said last-mentioned connecting means comprising an opening in the said other member. a base member secured to the end of the cylinder associated with said other member and having a stem projecting therefrom through the opening in the said other member. a second rigid rocker block positioned on the siem and having at one side a first curved journal portion in engagement with the base and at the opposite side a second curved journal portion in engagement with the inner side of the other member at the opening therein the axes of these curved journal portions being transverse to one another. a resilient annulus on the stem at the outer side of the member, and means cooperating with the stem to compress the last-mentioned annulus against the outer side of the said other member with a force greater than that required to shift the segmental shoes along the cylinder.

2. In combination, supporting and supported members, spring means associated with the members acting between the members, damping means comprising a barrel, segmental shoes movably mounted within and engaging the interior of the barrel. a rod extending into the barrel through the segmental shoes and having a shoulder towardandfacingoneendthereof,andmeansfor yieldingly urging the segmental shoes outwardly against the barrel, including a coil spring positioned on the rod with one end associated with the segmental shoes, a retaining ring positioned on the rod in engagement with the other end of the coil spring and with the rod shoulder. a sleeve connectedtothesaidoneendoftherodsoas to hold the retaining ring against the shoulder. means connecting the said one end of the rod to one member, said means comprising an opening inthesaidonememberreceivingthesaid one endoftlterodandsleevegarigidrocker ring positioned on the sleeve and having at one side a first cylindrical surfaced journal portion in engagement with the retaining ring and at the opposiiesideasecondcylindrical surfaced journal portion in engi: with the inner side of the saidonememberattheopening therein, theaxis of the nrst cylindrical journal portion being transversetothatofthesecondcylindricaljouracoilspringpositionedontherodwithoneend 1| nalportlomaresilientannuluspositionedonthe rod at the outer side of the said one member. and means engaging the said one end of the rod to precompress the resilient annulus against the said other side of the said one member with a force greater than thai, required to shift the segmental shoes with respect to the barrel, said last mentioned means engaging the sleeve to predetermine the compression of the resilient annulus, and means for connecting the barrel to the other member.

3 In combination, supporting and supported members, spring means acting between the members. damning means for said spring supported members comprising a barrel, segmental shoes movablv mounted within the barrel and engaging the interior of the barrel, a rod having an end extending into the barrel through the segmental shoes, and means for yieldingly urging the segmental shoes outwardly against the barrel, means for connecting the rod to one member, comprising an opening in the said one member receiving the other end of the rod, a rigid rocker block positioned on the said other end of the rod and having at one side a flrst curved journal portion rockingly related to the barrel and at the opposite side a second curved journal portion in rocking engagement with one side oi' the said one member, the axes of the curved journal portions being transverse to one another. a resilient ring positioned on the rod at the other side of the said one member, means engaging the rod to precompress the resilient ring against the said other side of the said one member with a force greater than that required to shift the segmental shoes with respect to the barrel, and means for connecting the barrel to the other member.

4. In combination, supporting and supported members having inner sides facing one another, spring means acting between the members, damping means associated with said members comprising a barrel, segmental shoes movably mounted within and engaging the interior of the barrel, a rod having a portion extending into one end of the barrel through the segmental shoes, and means for yieldingly urging the segmental shoes outwardly against the barrel, including a coil spring positioned on the rod and associated with the segmental shoes, a retainer for the spring mounted on the rod, means for connecting another portion oi the rod to one member. comprising an opening in the said one member receiving the last-mentioned portion of the rod, a first rigid rocker ring positioned on the rod and having at one side a curved journal surface in engagement with the retainer and at the opposite side a curved journal surface in engagement with the inner side of the said one member, the axes of the curved journal surfaces being transverse to one another, the said opposite side of the first rocker having opposed radially extending portions of U-shaped outline, U-shaped projections on the said one side of the said one member engageable with and receiving the U-shaped portions of the rocker to restrict rotary movement of the rocker relative to the members, a first resilient ring positioned on the rod at the outer side of the said one member, means precompressing the rst resilient ring against the said other side of the said one member with a force greater than that required to shift the segmental shoes with respect to the barrel, and means for connecting the barrel to the other member, comprising an opening in the said other member, an end piece for the other end of the barrel having a base bonded to the end of the barrel, a stem projecting from the base into the opening in the said other member, a second rigid rocker ring positioned on the stem and having at one side a curved journal surface engaging the base of the end piece and at the opposite side a curved journal surface engaging the inner side of the said other member at the opening therein, the axes of the curved journal surfaces being transverse to one another, the side of the second rocker engaging the said other member having radially extended, opposed portions of U-shaped outline. a second resilient ring positioned on the stem at the outer side of the said other member, means engaging the stem to precompress the second resilient ring against the said outer side of the said other member with a force greater than that required to shift the segmental shoes with respect to the barrel.' and U- shaped projections on the inner side of the said other member receiving the U-shaped portions of the second rocker to restrict rotary movement thereof relative to the members.

5. In a railway truck spring suspension. a plank member extending transversely of the suspension, a bolster member extending transversely of the suspension over the plank member, the plank and bolster having inner sides facing one another, spring means supporting the bolster member on the plank member, damping means associated with the plank and bolster comprising a barrel. segmental shoes movably mounted within and engaging the interior of the barrel, a rod extending into one end of the barrel through the segmental shoes, and means for yieldingly urging the segmental shoes outwardly against the barrel, including a coil spring positioned on the rod and associated with the segmental shoes, a retainer for the spring mounted on the rod, means for connecting the rod to one member, comprising an opening in the said one member receiving the rod, a first rigid rocker block positioned on the rod and having at one side a first curved journal surface in engagement with the retainer and at the opposite side a second curved journal surface in engagement with the inner side of the said one member, the axes oi' the curved journal surfaces being transverse to one another, the axis of the second curved journal surface being transverse to .the direction in which the said one member extends. the said opposite side of the rst rocker having outwardly extended, opposed portions of U- shaped outline, U-shaped projections on the said one side of the said one member engageable with and receiving the U-shaped portions of the rocker, to restrict rotary movement of the rocker about the rod as an axis. a rst resilient ring positioned on the rod at the outer side of the said one member, means precompressing the first resilient ring against the said other, side of the said one member with a force greater than that required to shift the segmental shoes with respect to the barrel, and means for connecting the barrel to the other member, comprising an opening in the other member, an end piece for the other end of the barrel having a base bonded to the said other end of the barrel, a stem projecting from the base into the opening in the said other member, a second rigid rocker block positioned on the stem and having at one side a first curved journal surface engaging the base of the end piece and at the opposite side a second curved journal surface engaging the inner side of the said one member at the hole. the axes of the curved journal surfaces being transverse to one another, the axis of the second curved journal surface being transverse to the direction in which the said other member extends. the

amuse side of the second rocker engaging the said one member having opposed outwardly extended portions of U-shaped outline, a second resilient ring positioned on the stem at the outer side of the said other member. means engaging the rod to precompress the second resilient ring against the said outer side of the said other member with a force greater than that required to shift the segmental shoes with respect to the barrel, and U-shaped projections on the said inner side of the said other member receiving the U-shaped portions of the second rocker to restricting rotary movement thereof about the stem as an axis.

6. In a railway truck spring suspension, a plank. a bolster paralleling the plank. inner sides of the plank and bolster facing one another, spring means supporting the bolster on the plank, damping means comprising relatively movable parts acting between the plank and bolster substantially in parallel with the springs, means comprising a connection of the damping means with the plank and a connection of the damping means with the bolster for causing the damping means to absorb energy upon all relative movement between the plank and bolster in the direction of support by the springs, the conneetion' of the damping means with the plank comprising a hole in the plank, a first stem extending from the damping means through the hole. a ilrst rigid rocker ring loosely mounted on the first stem having a curved journal surface at one side engaging the dampingrmeans and a second curved journal surface at the opposite side the inner side of the plank. the axes of these curved journal surfaces being transverse to one another, the axis of the curved journal surface engaging the plank extending transversely to the length of the plank. means preventing rotation of the nrst rocker with respecttotheplankabouttheflrststemasan axis, a first resilient ring positioned on the first stem in engagement with the outer side of the plank, and means precom the tiret resilient ring by a force greater than that required for relative movement of the relatively movable parts of the damping means. and the connection of the damping means with the bolster comprising a hole in the bolster, a second stem extending from the damping means through the hole in the bolster, a second rigid rocker ring on the second stem having a curved journal surface at one sidethedampingmeansandacurved journal surface at the opposite side the inner side of the bolster. the axes of these curved journal surfaces being transverse to one mother, the axis of the curved journal surface the bolster extending transversely to the length of the bolster. means preventing rotation of the second rocker with respect to the bolsteraboutthesecondstemasanaxis,asecond resilient ring positioned on the second stem in engagement with the cuter side of the bolster. and means preco pressing the second resilient ring by a force ter than that required for relative movement of the relatively movable parts of the damping means.

'1. In combination, supporting and supported members, spring means acting between the members. damping means associated with the spring supported members comprising a barrel, segmental shoes movably mounted within and engaglngtheinteriorofthebarrel,arodhaving an end portion extending into one end of the for yieldlngly urging the semental shoes cut-- wardlyagainstthsbanehincludingacoilspring positioned on the rod with one end associated with the segmental shoes. a retainer for the spring positioned on the rod inengagement with the other end ofthespring.meansfor connecting the barrel to one member. comprising an openinginthesaidonemembei-,ansndpieceforthe otherendotthebarrelhavingarecessedbase bondedtothe said otherendofthebarreland astemproiectingfrcmthebasethroughthe openinginthesaidonememberandhavinga shoulderbeyondthesaidonemembenanda rigidrockerringpositicnedonthestemandhaving at one side a curved journal surface engagingtherecessinthebaseandattheopposite sideacurved Journal surface engaging theinner side of the said one member, the axes of the curvediournalsurfacesbeingtransversetoone anothenaresilientringpositionedonthestem at the other side of the said one membenmeans engaging the stem to precompress the resilient ring against the said other side of the said one member withaforoe greaterthanthat required toshiftthebarrelwithrespecttothesegmental shoes, the last mentioned means also the shoulder on the stem to predetermine the precompression of the resilient ring. and means connectingtherod to the other member.

8. In combination. supporting and supported members, spring means acting between the members. damping means associated with the spring supported members comprising a barrel, segmental shoes movably mounted within and enagingtheinteriorofthebarreharodextendlng into oneendof thebarrel throughthesegmental shoes. and means for yieldingllr urging the segmental shoes outwardly against the barrel, including a precomprsed coil spring positioned ontherodwithoneendassociatedwiththesegmental shoes. a retainer for the spring positionedontherodintwiththeother end of the coil spring. means for connecting the barreltoonemembencomprisinganopenlngin the said one member. a closure for the other end ofthebarrelhavingabasebondedtothesaid otherendofthebarrehastemproieetingthrough thebaseandhavinganinnerendbls withtherod tolimit relative movementin one directionofbarrelandrodandanouterend proieetingthroughtheopeninginthesaidone membenarigidrockerringpositionedonthe stemandhavingatonesideacurvediournal surfscethebaseandattheopposite sideacurvedjournalsm'facetheinner sideofthesaidoneattheopening,a resilientrlngpositionedonthestematthewter side of the said one member, and means engaging the rod to precompress the resilient ring againstthesaidothersideofthesaidonememberwithaforcegreaterthanthatrequiredto shiftthesegmsntalsboeswithrespeettnthebarreLandmeansconnectingt-herodtotheother member.

9. In combination, supporting and supported members, resilient means acting between the members,dampingmeansbetweenthemembers comprisingabarrehtalshoesfrlcdonally engaglngtheinterlorofthebarreharodextending into an end of the barrel through the segmentalfshoes. cam means mcsmted on the rodandengageablewiththeshoes,acoilspring positionedontherodwithoneendassociated barrel through theses-mental shoes. andmeano 755 withthecammeansandtalshoestomge the shoes outwardly against the barrel, a retaining ring positioned on the rod in engagement with the other end of the coil spring, means for connecting the barrel to one member. comprising an opening in the said one member. an end piece for the other end of the barrel having a base bonded to the said other end of the barrel, a stem projecting from the base into the opening in the said one member, a rigid rocker ring positioned on the stem and having a first curved journal portion at one side thereof engaging the base of the end piece and a second curved journal portion at the opposite side thereof engaging the said one member, the axes of the curved journal portions being transverse to one another. a resilient ring positioned on the stem at the other side of the said one member. means associated with the stem to precompress the resilient ring against the said one member with a force greater than that required to shift the segmental shoes with respect to the barrel. said last mentioned means comprising a rigid washer mounted on the stem and presenting a conical surface in face to face engagement with a face of the resilient ring to make the precompression of the resilient ringr greater at the inner periphery of the resilient ring than at the outer periphery. and means connecting the rod to the other member.

10. In combination, a cylinder, segmental shoes movably mounted within and engageable with the interior of the cylinderl a rod having one end portion extending into the cylinder through an end thereof, a coil spring surrounding the rod, one end of the spring and a portion of the rod toward said one end having means associated with the segmental shoes so that relative movement between the rod and shoes will cause the shoes to be yieldingly urged outwardly against the cylinder, the rod having a shoulder toward its other end, a retainer for the spring associated with the shoulder and acting against the other end of the spring. a ring-like rocker block positioned on the rod and having a first curved journal portion in rolling engagement with the spring retainer and a second oppositely disposed curved journal portion adapted for rolling engagement with a member to which the said other end of the rod is to be connected, and means carried by the rod independent of the member for xedly clamping the spring retainer to the shoulder. the last mentioned means for holding the spring retainer on the rod being independent of the connection of the rod to the member.

1l. A snubber unit adapted to be connected between a pair of relatively movable members comprising af cylinder, a plurality of segmental shoes mounted within and having portions frictionally engaging the inside surface of the cylinder, said shoes each having two sets of inclined, diverging, wedglng surfaces thereon, a rod having one end thereof extending into the cylinder through an end thereof and having a first shoulder generally near said one end 4thereof. a second shoulder generally near the other end of the rod and facing in the same direction as the first shoulder, a first wedge ring positioned on the rod in engagement with the first shoulder and wedgingly engaged with one set of inclined wedging surfaces on the segmental shoes, a second wedge ring positioned on the rod and inwedging engagement with the other set of inclined wedging surfaces on the segmental shoes, a coll spring positioned on the rod with one end in engagewedge ring. and a retaining ring positioned on the rod in engagement with the other end of the coil spring and with the second shoulder,V a sleeve connected to the said other end of the rod so as to hold the retaining ring against the second shoulder. means adapted to connect the said other end of the rod to one of the relatively movable members, comprising a first rigid rocker block surrounding and movably mounted on the sleeve and having at one side a first curved journal surface in engagement with the retaining ring and at the opposite side a second curved journal surface adapted to be mounted in engagement with an inner side of one of said movable members, these opposed curved journal surfaces of the rocker block having thin axes oi generation transverse to one another. a resilient annulus positioned on the said other end of the rod and mounted in engagement with the outer side of the said one movable member, and means cooperating with the said other end oi' the rod to compress the resilient annulus against said outer side of the said one member with a force greater than that required to shift the segmental shoes surface in engagement with the base and at the opposite side a second curved journal surface adapted to be mounted in engagement with the inner side of the other movable member. the axes of generation of these opposed curved journal surfaces of the second rocker block being transverse to one another. a resilient annulus positioned on the stem adapted to be mounted in engagement with the outer side of the other movable member, and means cooperating with the stem to compress the last-mentioned annulus against the outer side of the'said other movable member with a force greater than that required to shift the segmental shoes along the cylinder.

12. A shock absorber comprising a cylinder. a plurality of segmental shoes mounted within and frictionally engaging the inside surface of the cylinder, said shoes each having two sets of oppositely inclined wedging surfaces thereon, a rod having one end thereof extending into the cylinder through an end thereof and having a first shoulder generally near said one end thereof, a second shoulder generally near the other end of the rod and facing in the same direction as the first shoulder, a first wedge ring positioned on the rod in engagement with the rst shoulder and having portions in wedging engagement with one set of inclined surfaces on the segmental shoes, a second wedge ring positioned on the rod having portions in wedging engagement with the other set of inclined surfaces on the segmental shoes. a coil spring positioned on the rod with one end in engagement with the second wedge ring, and a retaining ring positioned on the rod and mounted in engagement with the other end of the coil spring and with the second shoulder to effect compression of said spring, a sleeve connected to the said other end of the rod so as to hold the retaining ring against the second 'rent with and ererting a force against the second u shoulder. a first rigid rocker block surrounding atraves and movably mounted on the sleeve and having at one side a nrst convexiy curved Journal surface in engagement with the retaining ring and at the opposite side a second convexly curved journal surface adapted to be mounted in engagement with a shock absorber supporting member, a resilient annulus positioned on the said other end of the rod and adapted to be mounted in stressed engagement with a shock absorber supporting member. and means adapted to connect the other end of the cylinder to a shock absorber supporting member. said lastmentioned connecting means comprising a base member secured to the other end oi.' the cylinder and having a stem projecting outwardly therefrom. a second rigid rocker block surrounding and movably mounted on the stem and having at one side a first convexly curved Journal surface in engagement with the base and at the opposite side a second convexly curved journal surface adapted to be mounted in engagement with a shock absorber supporting member. and a resilient annulus positioned on the stem adapted to be mounted in stressed engagement with the last-mentioned shock absorber supporting member.

13. A shock absorber comprising a cylinder. a plurality of segmental shoes mounted within and frictionally engaging the inside surface of the cylinder, said shoes each having two sets oi' opposed, inclined. wedging surfaces thereon. a rod having one end thereof extending into the cylinder through an end thereof and having a rst shoulder generally near said one end of the rod, a second shoulder generally near the other end of the rod. a rst wedge ring mounted on the rod in engagement with the first shoulder and ln wedging engagement with one set of inclined surfaces on the segmental shoes, a second wedge ring mounted on the rod in engagement with the other set of inclined surfaces on the segmental shoes, a compression type coil spring mounted on the rod with one end in engagement with the second wedge ring. and a retaining ring flxedly mounted on the rod in engagement with the other end of the coil spring and with the second shoulder to effect compression of said spring, a rigid rocker ring carried by the said other end of the rod having opposed transversely arranged Journal surfaces adapted to connect said rod to a supporting member so as to permit universal pivotal movement of the shock absorber relative to the supporting member through rolling contact means, and means adapted to conneet the other end of the cylinder to a supporting member, said last-mentioned connecting means comprising a base member secured to the other end of the cylinder and having an axially extending stem projecting therefrom, and a rigid rocker ring carried by the stem having opposed, transversely arranged, journal surfaces adapted to connect said stem to a supporting member so as to permit universal pivotal movement of said shock absorber relative to the supporting members through rolling contact means.

14. A shock absorber comprising a cylinder, shoes with wedge means thereon mounted within said cylinder arranged to be urged into frlctional engagement with the inner surface of said cylinder. a base closing one end of the cylinder, an axially extendim stem projecting from the outer sideofsaidbaseadaptedtobeconnectedtoa supporting member. a nrst rigid rocker block movably mounted about said stem. said rocker block having a first convexly curved rocker face in rolling contact with said base and a second. oppositely disposed, convexly curved rocker face adapted to be mounted in rolling engagement with the part of a supporting member to be associated with said stem, a first resilient means mounted on said stem adapted to provide means for preloading the connection of the first rocker block to the supporting member associated therewith, means on said stem to preload said nrst resilient means. a rod extending into said cylinder through the other end of said cylinder having a first end portion mounting wedge ring means engageable with the said shoe mounted wedge means within the cylinder. a retainer piece nxed to said rod at a point spaced from said nrst end portion. resilient means mounted on said rod so as to extend between said retainer piece and said wedge ring means to urge said wedge means against the inner surfaces of said cylinder, a second rigid rocker block movably mounted on said rod and arranged outwardly of said retainer piece. said second rocker block havingaiirstconvexlycurvedrockerfaceinrolling contact with said retaining piece and a second. oppositely disposed. convexly curved rocker face adapted to be mounted in rolling engagement` with a part of a second supporting member to be associated therewith, and a second resilient means mounted on said rod outwardly of said second rocker block adapted to provide means for preloading the connection of said second rocker block to said second supporting member andmeans onsaidrodtopreloadsaidsecond resilient means.

15. An energy absorber comprising a cylinder. shoes with wedge means thereon mounted within said cylinder arranged to be urged into frictional engagement with the inner surface of said cylinder, a base closing one end of the cyllndena stem projecting from the outer side of saidbase adapted to be connected to a supporting member, a first rigid rocker block surrounding and movably mounted about said stem, said rocker block having a first curved rocker face in rolling ccntact with said base and a second, oppositely disposed, curved rocker face adapted to be mounted inrollingenwiththepartofasupporting member to be associated with said stem.a rod extending into said cylinder through the' other end of said cylinder having a rst end portion mounting wedge means cooperatively associated with the said shoe mounted wedge means within thecylinder.aretainerpiece nxedtosaidrod at a point spaced from said first end portion, preeompressed resilient means mounted on said rod so as to extend between said retainer piece and saidrodmountedwedgemeanstourgesaidshoe mounted wedge means against the inner surfaces of said cylinder, a second rigid rocker block movably mounted on said rod outwardly of said retainer piece, said second rocker block having a first curved rocker face in rolling contact with said retaining piece and a second, oppositely disposed. curved rocker face adapted to be mounted in rolling engagement with a part of a second supporting member to be associated therewith and meansonsaidstemandsaidrodtomaintalnsaid rocker blocks in engagement with said supporting members.

16. A snubber unit comprising' a cylinder. Wedge means movably mounted within said cylinder adapted to be urged into frictional engagement withtheinnersurfaceofsaideylindenabase closing one end of the cylinder. a stem projecting from thev outer side of said base adapted to be i7 connected to a supporting member, a rigid first rocker block movably mounted about said stem, said rocker block having a first curved rocker face in rolling contact with said base and a. second, oppositely disposed, curved rocker face adapted to be mounted in rolling engagement with the part of a supporting member associated with said stem, the axes of said oppositely disposed faces extending transversely to each other, a rod extending into said cylinder through the other end of said cylinder having a first end portion with means thereon to actuate the wedge means with- 'in the cylinder, a retainer piece fixed to said rod at a point spaced from said first end portion, resilient means mounted on said rod so as to extend between said retainer piece and said wedge means to urge said wedge means against the inner surfaces of said cylinder, and means mounted on said rod adapted to provide for pivotally connecting said rod to a second supporting member for universal pivotal movement.

17. A snubber unit comprising a barrel, friction shoes within said barrel having wedge means thereon. wedge rings within said barrel engageable with said wedge means to move said friction shoes into engagement with said barrel, a rod extending through one end of said barrel and threading through said friction shoes, said wedge means and said wedge rings and having an end thereof anchored to said wedge rings, a retainer member mounted on said rod at a point spaced from said wedge rings, resilient means mounted on said rod and extending between said wedge rings and said retainer member to urge said wedge rings into engagement with said wedge means, a first rigid rocker plate surrounding and movably mounted on said rod adjacent the outer side of said retainer member, said i'lrst rocker plate having the opposed faces thereof provided with journal portions each curved convexly to provide for a rolling contact between the plate faces and the surfaces engaged therewith, a base piece closing the other end of said barrel, a stem projecting from said base piece. a second rigid rocker plate movably mounted on said stem having the opposed faces thereof each provided with journal portions convexly curved to provide for a rolling contact between the plate faces and the surfaces engageable therewith, and means carried by said rod and said stem adapted to resiliently preload the connections between the rocker plates and the surfaces engaged therewith.

18. A shock absorber comprising a barrel, friction shoes within said barrel having wedge means thereon, wedge rings within said barrel engageable with said wedge means to move said friction shoes into engagement with said barrel, a rod extending through one end of said barrel and threading through said friction shoes, said wedge meansand said wedge rings and having an end thereof anchored to said wedge rings. a retainer member mounted on said rod at a point spaced from said wedge r resilient means carried by said rod and exten g between said wedge rings and said retainer member to urge said wedge rings into engagement with said wedge means and said wedge means into engagement with said barrel, means carried by said rod to permit pivotal connection of said rod to a supporting member. a base piece closing the other end of said barrel, a stem projecting from said base piece. a rigid rocker plate surrounding and movably mounted on said stem having the opposed faces thereof each provided with a convexly curved journal portion to provide 'for a rolling contact between the plate and the surfaces of the supporting mein ber and base piece engageable therewith, and means carried by said stem to provide for resilientiy preloading the connections between the rocker plate and the said surfaces engaged therewith.

19. A snubber unit comprising a cylinder having a. closed end and an open end, friction means movably mounted with said cylinder and adapted to be engaged with said cylinder, a rod extending into said cylinder through the open end thereof having portions associated with said friction means to effect movement thereof. resilient means mounted on said rod so as to urge said friction means into engagement with said cylinder, a plate xediy mounted on said rod outwardly of said resilient means, a rigid rocker plate movably mounted on said rod outwardly of and adjacent said retainer plate, said rocker plate having opposed faces cach provided with convexly curved rocking surfaces one surface being arranged to engage said retainer plate and the other surface being arranged to engage a surface of shock absorber supporting member, an axially extending stem projecting outwardly from the closed end of said cylinder, a rigid rocker plate movably mounted on said stem, said lastmentioned rocker plate having opposed faces each provided with convexly curved rocking surfaces, one rocking surface of said second rocker plate being arranged to engage the closed end of said cylinder and the other rocking surface thereof being arranged to engage a shock absorber supporting member.

20. A rocker member to pivotally mount a movable member on a supporting member comprising a rigid, ring-like block having opposed faces with convexly curved, journal surfaces thereon adapted to be positioned between and in engagement with adjacent spaced portions of the movable and supporting members, and an opening through the rocker block extending through the opposed faces thereof adapted to receive a portion of the movable member.

21. A rocker member to pivotally mount a movable member on a supporting member comprising a rigid, ring-like block having opposed faces with convexly curved, journal surfaces thereon adapted to be positioned between and in rolling engagement with spaced adjacent portions of the movable and supporting members, and an opening through the rocker block extending through the opposed faces of the rocker member adapted to receive a portion of one of said members, the axes of the generation of the opposed, convexly curved, rocking surfaces of the block being arranged to extend transversely to each other.

`22. A rocker member to pivotally mount a resiliently supported movable member on a supporting member comprising a plate-like rigid block having opposed faces with convexly curved, journal surfaces thereon adapted to be positioned between and in rolling engagement with spaced. adjacent portions of the movable and supporting members. an opening through the rocker block extending through the opposed faces of the rocker member adapted to receive a. connecting portion of one of the said members, the axes of the opposed. convexly curved, rocking surfaces of the block being arranged to extend transversely to each other, and outwardly projecting anchor portions on said block adapted to be interengaged with mating portions on a supporting or support- Aotheradapteritoberockinglyengaged i9 ed memberto restrict rotation of the block about the movable member as an axis.

23. In an energy absorber. end connections therefor each comprising a rod. a base piece nxed to said rod. a rigid. ring-like rocker block surrounding and movably mounted on said rod, said rocker block having opposed faces with rocking surfaces thereon each of which surfaces is convexb curved. one rocking surface engaging thebasepieceandtheopposedrockingsuriaee being arranged to engage a supporting member.

24.111 an energy absorber, end connections thereforeacbarod.abasepieceilxed to said rod, a rigid. ring-like rocker block surroundingandmovablymountedonsaidrod,said rocker block having opposed faces with rocking surfaces thereon each of which surfaces is oonvexly curved. one rocking surface engaging the basepieceandtheoppcsedrockingsin'faeebeing arrangedtoengageasupportingmember,the axesoftheopposedcm'vedrockingsurfaoesex- ,tendingtransverselytooneanothem 25.1n an energy absorber. end connections tbereforeachcomprisingaromabasepieceiined tosaidrod,arigid.ringlikerockerblockem rounding and movably mounted on said rod. said rockerbioekhavingopposedfaceswithrocking surlacesthereoneachofwhicheiu-facesisocnvexlycurved,onerockingsurfacethe base piece and the opposed rocking surface beingarrangedtoengageasupportingmember.the axesofthcopposedcurvedrockingsurfacesextendingtransverselytooneanothenandresilient meansmmintedoneaohrcdandspacedfromsaid rockerblockadaptedtoprovidemeanstopreload the connections between the rocker block and thesurfacesengagedtherewith.

2c. ln a shock ab'sorber comprising relatively movableendportionaeaehendportionincluding abasepieceandarodportionproiectingtrom rocker plate including opposed faces with oonvexiy curved rocking surfaces. one of which rocklnglyengagedwithtliebusepicceaiiddth shock absorber supporting member. the rocker block connections between thesbock absorberend portions and the` supporting members providing for universal rocking movementofshock absorber relative to the supporting members due to a rollingactionbetweenthemckerblocksandthe members engaged therewith.

27. A snubber unit adapted to be connected between a pair of relatively movable members comprising a cylinder. an axially extending stem portion nxed to one end of said cylinder and projecting outwardly therefrom. an axially extending rod portion extending into and projecting outwardly from the opposite end of said cylinder and axially movable relative to said stem portion. means within said cylinder associated with said rod and said cylinder adapted to damp relative axial movement between said stem and said rod portion. a iirst rigid rocker block surrounding and mounted on said stem portion. saidnrstrockerblockhavingapairdfopposed faces.oneofsaidfaceshavingacurvediournal portion arranged for rolling ntact with the Journal portions of said iirst rocker block in engagement with said cylinder and said one of said members. a second rigid rocker block surrounding and mounted on said rod member outwardly of said cylinder and engageable with an abutment means carried by said rod, said second rigid rocker block having a pair of opposed faces. one of said faces including a curved iournai portion in rolling contact with said abutment means on said rod. the opposite face oi said second rocker block having a curved Journal portion adapted to be mounted in rolling contact with the other of said movable members. and means on said rod engageable with said other movable member to maintain the opposed Journal portions of said second rocker block in face to face engagement with said abutment means and said other movable member.

28. In a snubber unit as set forth in claim 27 wherein the `iournal portions on the opposed facesofeachoftherigidrockerblocksarearranged io extend transversely to one another.

29. A snubber unit adapted to be connected bctween a pair oi' relatively movable members comprising a cylinder, a ilrst axially extending connecting portion nxed to one end oi' said cylinder and projecting outwardly therefrom. a second axially extending connecting portion extending into and projecting outwardly from the opposite end of said cylinder and axially movable relative to said rst connecting portion. means within said cylinder associated with said second connesting portion and said cylinder adapted to damp relative axial movement between said first and second connecting portions, a ilrst rigid rocker block surrounding and mounted on said nrstconnectingportiomsaidilrstrockerblock havingapairofopposedfmoneofsaidfaces having a curved Journal portion arranged ior rolling contact with the end oi' said cylinder mounting said nrst connecting portion and the opposite face of said iirst rocker block having a curved Journal portion adapted to be mounted in rolling contact with one oi' said movable members. means engageable with said ilrst connecting portion and said one oi' said movable members to maintain the iournal portions-oi said iirst rocker block in engagement with said oylindex' and said one oi said movable members. a second rigid rocker block surrounding and mounted on said second connecting portion outwardly of said cylinder and engageable with abutment means carried by said second connecting portiomsaidsecondrigidrockerbloekhavinga pair of opposed faces. one of said faces including a curved journal portion in rolling contact with said abutment means on said second connecting portion. the opposite face of said second rocker block having a curved Journal portion adapted to be mounted in rolling contact with the other of said movable members. and means on said second connecting portion engageable with said other movable member to maintain the opposed Journal portions of said second rocker block in face to face engagement with said abutment means and said other movable member.

30. In a snubber unit as set forth in claim 29 wherein the `iournal portions on the opposm facesofeachoftherigidrookerbloeksarearend of md under mounting md ,um and uw 7o ranged to extend transversely to one another.

opposite face of said ilrst rocker block having a curved Journal portion adapted to be mounted in rolling contact with one of said movable members. means on said stem engageable with said one of said movable members to maintain the ROBERT N. JANEWAY. WILLIAM VAN DER SLU'YS.

(References en following page) REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record 1n the me ot this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date Bonander Feb. 15, 1910 O'Connor Sept. 16, 1913 Wise Oct. 90, 1928 Webb Nov. 3, 1936 lo Number Number Name Date Badertscher Nov. 16, 1943 Elsey Mar. 14, 1944 Smrder July 23, 1946 FOREIGN PATENTS Country Date France Jan. 5. 1929 France Mar. 28. 1933 Certificate of Correction Patent No. 2,574,788 November 13, 1951 ROBERT N. JANEWAY ET AL.

It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specification of the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows:

Column 8, line 16, after therein insert; a comma; column 17 line 1, for a ngxd first read a )rst gz'd; column 18, line 61, after plate-Hire insert a comma;

THOMAS F. MURPHY,

Assistant Oommm'onep of Patente. 

